According to a scenario described in new research by Lloyd’s, an insurance market specialist and Cyence, a cyber risk analytics modelling firm, a major global cyber-attack has the potential to trigger up to $53 billion of economic losses.
The research reveals the potential economic impact of two scenarios: a malicious hack that takes down a cloud service provider with estimated losses of up to $53 billion, and attacks on computer operating systems run by a large number of businesses around the world which could cause losses of $28.7 billion.
The findings also reveal that, while demand for cyber insurance is increasing, the majority of these losses are not currently insured, leaving an insurance gap of tens of billions of dollars.
Inga Beale, CEO, Lloyd’s, said, “This report gives a real sense of the scale of damage a cyber-attack could cause the global economy. Just like some of the worst natural catastrophes, cyber events can cause a severe impact on businesses and economies, trigger multiple claims and dramatically increase insurers’ claims costs. Underwriters need to consider cyber cover in this way and ensure that premium calculations keep pace with the cyber threat reality.
“We have provided these scenarios to help insurers gain a better understanding of their cyber risk exposures so they can improve their portfolio exposure management and risk pricing, set appropriate limits and expand into this fast-growing, innovative insurance class with confidence.”
For the cloud service disruption scenario in the report, average economic losses range from $4.6 billion from a large event to $53 billion for an extreme event. This is the average in the scenario, because of the uncertainty around aggregating cyber losses this figure could be as high as $121 billion or as low as $15 billion. Meanwhile, average insured losses range from $620 million for a large loss to $8.1 billion for an extreme loss.
In the mass software vulnerability scenario, the average losses range from $9.7 billion for a large event to $28.7 billion for an extreme event. And the average insured losses range from $762 million to $2.1 billion.
The uninsured gap could be as much as $45 billion for the cloud services scenario – meaning that less than a fifth (17 percent) of the economic losses are actually covered by insurance. The underinsurance gap could be as high as $26 billion for the mass vulnerability scenario – meaning that just seven percent of economic losses are covered.
Trevor Maynard, head of innovation, Lloyd’s, said, “This report’s findings suggest economic losses from cyber events have the potential to be as large as those caused by major hurricanes. Insurers could benefit from thinking about cyber cover in these terms and make explicit allowance for aggregating cyber-related catastrophes. To achieve this, data collection and quality is important, especially as cyber risks are constantly changing.”
Lloyd’s worked with Cyence to collect data at Internet scale to model cyber risk and evaluate the financial, economic and insurance impact of these scenarios.
